Machine tool



`Falz. 16, 1932. S. Ems-ram vET Al.

MACHINE TOOL Original Filed Jan. 28, 1924 Patented Penis, i932 UNITED STATES PATaNroFI-lcs SOL EINSTEIN AND LESTER. I'. NENNINGEB, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ABSIGNOBS T0 CINCINNATI GBINDEBB INOOBYOBATED, Ol' CINCINNATI.' OHIO, A CORPORATION MACHINE TOOL Original application alcol January 88, 19M, Serial No. 689,068. Divided and this application Iled February c 14, 1930. Serial' No. 428,468;

This invention pertains to machine tools and more particularly to centerless grinding machines. Specifically it relates to means for adjusting the grinding wheel or the control wheel of a centerless rinder, either in relation to the other, or a justin'g each relatively to the other as desired. Though primarily designed' for use in centerless grinding machines, it is susceptible of use in other machine tools, or wherever adjustments areto be made of two slides each indelpendently adjustable relatively to a third e ement and to each other.

In the embodiment here illustrated the invention is a plied to two members, yone slidable on the ed or table of a grinder frame, toward and from the grinding wheel, the second member bein superposed upon the first and movable witii or independently of the 2o lower member.

quickly locking the lower ember to and re- .leasing it from the machinbnbed or table, and 'for independently locking the upper member to or releasing it .from the lower member. The lower member in the present instance carries a work-rest or support, and the upper member constitutes a carrier for the control wheel which governs the rotation of the article to be o rated upon by the grindin ao'wheel, and a so carries the mount for sai wheel.

The adjustments thus provided permit the pro er ositioningof the work-rest and the wor re atively to the grinding wheel, or of z5 the control wheel relatively to the work and .the grinding wheel; the advance or recession of the governing wheel relatively to the workA to permit grindmg to predetermined diameter and se aration of the wheels to facilitate 0 removal o finished articles and introduction of others to be ground. 1 v The present application is a division of the joint application Serial No. 689,068 liled in our names on January 28, 1924, and Ais made 5 pursuant to official re uirement.

The accompanying rawings substantially reproduce Figs. l, 5 and 6 of the drawings of the iforiginal application, and the parts are designated by the same numerals used there-` l in to facilitate their reading and comparison Provision is also made' for with the specifications of either Referring to these drawin Fig. 1 is a side elevatlon of a complete grinding machine embodyin our invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary s1de elevation of the frame of the machine showing the slides and the governing wheel mount, portions being broken away and sectioned to show details of construction e Fig. 3 is a detail view illustrating worm gear which serves to'rotate or to lock against f rotation aninternally threaded sleeve of the mechanism for advancing and receding the slide 6.

In 'order to make clear the invention and its use, thegrinding machine and its mode of adjustment and operation willirst be outlined briefly 'in connection with Fig.. 1,

As shown, the grinding machine comprises a substantial base or main frame 1, a grinding wheel 2 and a governing or control-wheel 3, said wheels being of the same or similar material and texture, and each mounted upon a spindle or arbor carried in bearings or in a single sleeve bea-ring. The bearingv or bearings of the arbor of wheel 2 is orare advisably fixed rigidly in position, as it is important to prevent or reduce to a minimum any vibration of the machine or its parts, more likely to be produced'by the lar e and swiftly rotatin grinding wheel than any other partof tie machine. The spin le or arbor of the governing or control-wheel 3 is carried in a sleeve'bearing supported by a oke or bracket 4, secured to and supported y a shell or carrier 5 slidable upon ways and adapted to be moved thereon to cause the periphery of wheel 3 to approach more or less nearly to thatof wheel, 2, and thereby to gage and determine the inding s ace between them. Carrier 51s guided y ways preferably formed u on the upper face of a slide 6 in turn movable u on'like guideways formed on the bed or top p ate of the grinding machine.

Both the carrier 5 and the slide `6 are provided with conventionall indicated means as camming levers 5, or clamping them to the ways 6 and 6h on which the respectively move, and by so clamping bot 100 application.

they will be held against any movement; by releasing the slide 6 1t and the carrier clamped to it may be moved as one; and by releasing both the carrier and the slide, either may be moved relatively to the other. In this way a work-rest 7-8 carried by the forward or inner end of the slide 6 may be correctly positioned between and relatively to the grinding and the governing wheels, and the slide may then be clamped to maintain such adjustment; the carrier 5 may next be moved to bring governing wheel 3 into proper relation to the work-rest and grinding wheel and then be clamped to the slide 6, thus securing the carrier and governing wheel at their proper adjustment; or the carrier may diameter, or conical formed, but the lengt If plain cylinders of uniform diameter,

considerable length, and requiring relatively little grinding, are to be handled or produced, it is often expedient to tilt slightly the axis of the governing or control-wheel 3 relatively to the axes of the grinding wheel 2 and the work, and to the work-'supporting face of the work-rest bar or blade 8, and thus to cause an automatic rotation and axial feed or advance of the work over its supporting rest. Such feed is due to the slower rotation and greater grip or hold of the governing wheel 3-as compared with that of the grinding wheel, and to the fact that the thrust of wheel 3 is not perpendicular but at an obtuse angle to, the axis of the work, and

lis hence divided between rotatingand axially advancing the same along the work-rest.

vIf plain cylindrical grinding of only one glrinding, is to be perof the portion to be ground is not in excess of the width of the working face of the grinding wheel, the grinding may be effected more rapidly and uniformly without axial feed. In suc case the axes ofthe wheel and work, and the work-supporting faceof the work-rest blade or bar will be placed and maintained in common radial plane,' and the two wheels gradually approached `until the requisite depth or amount of metal is cut away, whereupon the wheel carried in a movable support or' carrier will be retracted to free the work and afford amplespace to-receive an other unground blank or object, after which the stated cycle of operations will be repeated so long as blanks of the same form and dimensions are to be ground.

If headed or, shouldered objects are to be ground, similar adjustments will be made,-

the wheels being dressed anda work-rest blade or bar provided to suit such object, that is, shouldered if the object to be ground is shouldered, beveled if the work to be ground is conical, and sov on.

When the governing or control-wheel has its axis inclined to causeit to feed or advance the work, its circumferential face is dressed or soon wears away, to a slightly hollowed or concave form between its ends, affording a line bearing or contract with the work across the entire width of the peripheral face of the e governing or control wheel, and thus ensuring uniform and certain rotation and feed of the work. The curvature under ordinaryworking inclination of the axis'of the governing wheel is scarcely perceptible to the eye, even when a straight-edge is laid over the wheel parallel with its axis; but it should bepresent, and will be automatically produced in a short time, through the Wearing effect of the work against which it such form.

Figures 2 and 3 illustrate means for advancing and receding the Vcarrier 5, yoke 4 and the governing wheel 3 carried by said yoke, with and Without the slide 6. This mechanism is used both for initially adjusting the work-rest and the governing or control-wheel relatively to thegrinding wheel, and for advancing the governing wheel progressively Whenthe grinding is done without automatic axial or spiral feed of the presses, if not dressed to work.y Said mechanism comprises an inter ynally threaded'l sleeve or nut 59 swiveled in a boss 60 of theouter wall of shell or carrier 5, and provided with a worm-wheel 61 with which meshes. a worm orscrew 62 journaled in a swinging support or housing 63 pivoted at one endl to the rear wall of said carrier. The shaft 64 ,ofthe worm 62 yis provided at one end with a hand-crank66 by which to with a slotted lug or ear 67, through which passes a clamping screw by whichsaidhousing may be clamped and held in an elevated position out of mesh withworm-wheell.

A hand-lever 68 is attached to the sleeve 59, or to the worm-wheel formed therewith by which said sleeve may be given a partial rotation under the control of the operator or attendant, and subject to constant determinaq tion, through the sense of feeling, of the pressure at any time exerted by the governing wheel against the work. This hand-lever 68 thus affords convenient and dependable-means for moving the carrier 5 and consequently the governing wheel 3, gradually and to a predetermined extent in a direction to cause progressive grinding of the work, and for receding the governing wheel when the grinding of an object is completed and it is desired to remove it and introduce another to be ground. When the hand-lever 68 is being use dfor this purpose, the worm 62 is lifted rotate it. The worm-housing 63 is provided 6ald locked out of mesh with the worm-wheel Passing centrally through and threaded to lit the thread within the swivel sleeve 59-is a I screw-threaded stem 69, the screw stem being Journaled near its outer end in a bracket or supporting arm 70 carried by the main frame of the machine, radiall slitted from the in which the sha is journaled, to its l top, and provided with a bolt or screw 71 through the two arms made by the slitting of bracket 70. The bolt 71 serves to draw ther the arms f bracket 70, and thus to c amp or hold the stem 69 against roll tation when 1t is desired to advance or recede the carrier 5 and consequently the governin wheel, by rotation of the sleeve 59. A spoke wheel or hand-wheel 72 upon the outer end of screw stem 69 serves as a means of rotating l0 said screw when the lpinch or bindin screw 71 is backed olf to free it. When this 1s done, or when the screw 69 is to be rotated for advancin and receding the carrier 5, either indepen ently or together with the slide 6 to I6 which it may be at any time locked, sleeve 59 is locked against turning by dropping the worm 62 into mesh with the worm-wheel 61. At such tmes the worm or'screw 62 will not be turned or manipulated, but will serve, as l stated, to hold the worm-wheel 61 and the sleeve 59 against 'rotation by the hand-lever 68,- or throu h the friction of screw 69 turntherewi.

hese rovisions are made to enable the carrier 5 to advanced or receded by the screw 69 when it is desired to traverse the carrier relatively long distances, as in initially setting the work-rest and later the governin wheel, relatively to the grinding wheel. A r such 40 adjustments are effected the screw 69 is or ma be clamped against rotation, and the sli e 6 clamped or locked against longitudinal movement, whereupon the carrier may be moved considerable distances by rotation of the wormA 62. When all adjustments are made for progressive grinding without automatic axial feed, the hand-lever 68 will be employed to rotate sleeve 59, the worm 62 being first lifted and locked out of mesh with the worm-wheel 61, the swing of the lever 68 in each direction being limited and determined by any suitable stops placed in` its path. To permit traverse of the carrier 5 through the action of worm 62, a distance materially greater than that effected by backward and forward movement of lever 68, said lever may be disconnected from the sleeve 59 or its worm-wheel 61 during the rotation of worm 62, so that such traverse through use of worm 62 shall not be restricted by engagement of lever 68 with either of its limiting stops. After adjustment through rotation of `wormwheel 61 is completed, lever. 68 be again t3 made fat to the worm-wheel 61 or sleeve 59,

The latter de same and swiveled at` its outer end in a supso that the sleeve may be again oscillated by said lever.

Parts illustrated in the drawings but not described herein are described in eta an are reserved for and claimed in the .parent application, Serial No. 689,068.

The term machine tool is here used with the meaning ascribed thereto in such works as the Century Dictionar Knights Mechanical Dictionary and the tandard Dictionary.

lines the termas meaning: A machine carrying-a tool, as a cutter or die or other shaping implement, or one of which the tool is a part, for performing anyof'various utting or shapin proc in metal or wood workingz' op to `hand tool. The term machine too accordingly comprehends any machine tool for working in metal, wood and other materials, for planing, slotting, shaping drilling, punching, shearing, sawing, borlng, reaming, turn' or otherwise shaping or preparing materia s for use.

1. In a grinding machine, the combination of'a main ame or support; a grinding wheel, a co-acting overning or control wheel, and an intenmedlate work-rest,y said wheels being peripherally opposed; a carrier for the governing wheel; and means for advancing and receding said carrier relatively to the grinding wheel, comprising an internall threaded sleeve swiveled in the carrier an rovided with a worm-wheel, a screw threa ed to fit the threads of said sleeve, passing through the porting bracket, a hand-wheel carried by the stem of said screw and serving to rotate the same when the screw is free, means for clamping said screw against rotation, a worm journaled in\a swin 'ng support or housing and thereby adaptegl to be placed in or out of mesh with the worm-wheel of the sleeve, said worm serving when turned to rotate the sleeve and when at rest to hold said sleeve against rotation, a crank-arm or handle for rotating said worm and means for holding the worm out of mesli or engagement with the wormwheel. 4 .y

2. In a grinding machine, the combination of a main frame or support; a grindin wheel, a cot-acting governing or control whee and an intermediate work-rest, said wheels being peripherally opposed; a carrier for the governin wheel; and means for advancing and recein said carrier relatively to the grindi w eel, com rising an internally threadl sleeve swive ed in the carrier and provided with a worm-wheel a screw threaded to fit the threads of said sleeve, passing through the same and swiveled at its outer end in ,a supporting bracket, a hand-wheel carried by the stem of said screw and serving .to rotate the same when the screw is free,

means for c pi lsaid screw rotation, aworm Jourrliled ina swinging support lll or housing and thereby adapted to be placed in or,out ofmesh with the worm-wheel of the sleeve, said worm serving when turned to I rotate the sleeve and when at rest to hold said sleeve against rotating, a crank-arm or handle for rotating said worm, means for holding the worm out of mesh or en agement with the worm-wheel,..and a hand aver carried by and serving to impart oscillatory movement to the sleeve when said sleeve is not locked by the worm.

3. In a machine tool, the combination of a machine frame having a bed or table; a shaping tool carried in said frame; a slide movableV in guides on the bed or table of said frame toward and from the shaping tool, and provided with a work support; a carrier mounted upon said slide and movable along guideways thereon; an implement supported by and movable with said carrier; and means for advancing and receding said carrier jointly with and independently of the slide upon which itis guided, said means comprising a threaded shaft mounted and rotatable in a su port carried by the machine frame, means or holding said shaft .against rotation and for freeing the same to permit rotation thereof, a hand-lever for rotating said shaft when free, a sleeve'encompassing said shaft and internall threaded to correspond with the threading ofthe shaft, a worm-wheel carried by said sleeve and concentric therewith, a worm threaded to mesh with said worm-wheel, a housing in which said worm is journaled and movable toward and from the worm-wheel to eiect and to prevent intermeshing with said worm-wheel, means for holding said housinv in position to maintain disengagement of the wormwheel, and a hand-lever swiveled upon the threaded shaft and provided with means for connecting it with and disconnecting it from thelsleeve; said combination permitting the threaded shaft to be held at rest and the sleeve to be rotated continuously by rotation of the worm, or oscillated by means of the hand lever, and permitting said sleeve and actuating member to be held against actuation and the carrier or carrier and slide to be advanced or receded through rotation of the threaded shaft.

4. A machine tool comprising a main frame; a shaping element mounted thereon and normally fixed in position; a slide provided with a work-holder or support and movableupon said frame toward and from the shaping element; a carrier mounted and movable on said slide and rovided with a member to co-act with the s apin member;

means for readily securing the sli e in fixed relation to the machine frame and releasing it therefrom; means for securing the carrier to and releasing it from the slide; and 'mechanism for advancing and receding the carrier with and independently of the slide, .said

Herv-fajas. y Y

mechanism comprising a threaded shaft journaled in a support carried by the main frame, means for clamping said shaft to prevent, or releasing it to permit, rotation cf said shaft, an internally threaded sleeve encompassing said shaft land rotatable in a bearing in the carrier, a worm-Wheel threaded to correspond to the threading of the worm, a housing in which said Worm is journaled, movable to engage and disengave the Worm with and from the worm-whee-means for manually rotating the threaded shaft, means for manually rotating the Worm, and a handlever provided with means for readily connecting it with and disconnecting it from the sleeve or its Worm-wheel.

5. A machine tool comprising a frame provided with a bed or table; a tool mounted on said frame; a slide movable on a guideway on said bed or table and provided with a work support; a carrier mounted upon said slide, movable on a guideway thereon and carrying an element to co-act with the tool upon work placed on said Work support; lindependent means for Vlocking the slide to and releasing it from the bed or table, and for locking the carrier to and releasing it from the slide; and mecahnism for moving the carrier with and independently of the slide toward and from the tool, said mechanism consisting of a threaded shaft and an encompassino' threaded sleeve, and means for at will loc :ing either the threaded shaft or the sleeve against rotation while the unlocked one of said parts is left free to be rotated to advance or recede the carrier, or the carrier and slide, as desired. l

6. In a machine tool, a main frame; a tool carried thereby; a slide movable on the frame and provided with a work support; a carrier movable on and relatively to the slide and provided with an element to act upon work placed on said support; an internally threaded sleeve rotatable in said carrier; a rotatable shaft passing through said sleeve and threaded to'mesh with the threads of the shaft; means for locking either the sleeve or the shaft against rotation while the other of said elements is left free to be rotated; and

`mechanism for rotating the free member.

7. As a means for optionally imparting movement to either of two slidable elements of a machine tool, or to the two together, a

rotatable internally threaded sleeve carried .l

by one of said members; a correspondingly threaded shaft concentric with and passing through said sleeve and carried by the frame of the machine tool; means for individually and at will clamping either the sleeve or the shaft against rotation while leaving the other free to be rotated; means for locking one of the slidableV elements to the machine frame and releasing it therefrom at will; means for locking the two slidable elements together and wheel carried thereby,

for unlockin them; and means for rotating the free mem er.

8. A machine tool organization including a main frame, a tool and a work supporting `member mounted on the frame for transla- 9. In a grinding machine the combination i with a main frame, or support, a grinding a coacting governing wheel, a carrier for the governing wheel an means for advancing and retracting said carrier relative to the grinding Wheel including an internally threaded sleeve and a screw in threaded engagement with the sleeve, one of said parts being swiveled support and the other to the carrier and means for individually rotating said sleeve and said screw for effecting movement of the carrier, one of said means including a worm and worm gear whereby minute degrees of rotation may be imparted to the associated element and consequent fine and accurate adj ustment of the carrier accomplished.

10. A grinding machine of the character described, including a bed or support, a wheel carriage slidably mounted thereon; and means for controlling the position of said wheel carriage, said means including interenga ed screw and nut members, one of said mem ers being coupled to said wheel carriage and held against axial movement relative thereto and the other of said members being coupled to the support a-nd held against axial movement relative to the support, and means -for rotating one of said members for irnparting oscillations of predetermined amplitude to the wheel carriage, and additional means for rotating the other of said members to change the zone of movement of the carriage oscillation of a given amplitude.

11. In a machine tool, in combination, a main bed or frame; a wor -support carried thereb main d and provided with a tool to operate upon work carried b said work-support; and mechanism for-adjusting said carrie toward and from the work-su port, comprising an4 internal] threaded s eeve rotatably mounted in sai carriage, a screw passing axially through and in threaded engagement with said sleeve, means for holding the screw against rotary movement while permitting to the frame or the rotary movement of the sleeve and f or holding the sleeve against rotation while permitting rotary movement of the screw, means for at will oscillating one of said members, the sleeve or the screw, a limited di'stance while holding the other of said members against rotary movement, and means for rotating one of said members continuously while making longer adjustments of the carriage.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names.

SOL EINSTEIN.

LESTER F. N ENN INGER.

; a tool carriage mounted upon the 

